In simplest terms directed democracy is a form of democracy in which citizens assume a proactive, involved state throughout the period between elections. Unlike an indirect democracy, where citizen involvement is limited to the election of government officials and terminates at that point, a directed democracy means that citizens remain involved in the governmental process at all times and control and direct that process. This is accomplished by providing the citizens with “tools” which enable them to make decisions effecting government as circumstances the citizens dictate occur. Thus, citizens have such “tools” such as automatic review of decisions by government officials including government bureaucracies, initiatives, referendum, recall of both officials and bureaucrats, approval of judicial decisions ruling acts previously approved by the people unconstitutional, reviews of legislative decisions all supported by an electronic voting system far more sophisticated and secure than the present day voting booths which only allow for approval or disapproval of a government official but do not address the decisions made by him during his term of office.